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Gardens
in the Dunes
(Simon & Schuster, 1999)
In a novel that moves with
extraordinary fluidity and grace between two diametrically opposed worlds -- the timeless,
"traditional" world of Native American peoples and the elaborate, stylized world
of European and American upper-class culture at its glittering, falsely glamorous zenith
before the First World War -- Leslie Marmon Silko, the author of such highly praised works
of fiction as Ceremony and Almanac of the Dead, has written what Larry
McMurtry, the Pulitzer Prize-winning author of Lonesome Dove, calls "a little
masterpiece." (continues)
With the sure hand and
unerring eye of a mature artist, Silko takes the reader on a Grand Tour of England and
Europe in the era of Henry James (in a novel peopled with characters whose sensibility and
language are brilliantly Jamesian), as seen through the eyes of a young Native American
girl, Indigo, who is in flight from the destruction at the hands of the whites of her own
tribal world. Indigo's fascination with the world of luxury and privilege never eclipses
her instinctive faith in the traditions and the culture of her own people, or her desire
to return home to what remains of her tribe and her family.
Spanning the jungles of
Brazil, the gardens and stately homes of England and Europe, the desert of the American
Southwest, and the great estates of the American rich at the height of the Gilded Age, Gardens
in the Dunes is an ambitious, fully realized novel about the fatal collision between
two cultures, that of the colonizers and that of the indigenous peoples they have
conquered, and about the ideas, beliefs, and structures of time, mind, and habit that bind
and sunder them.
At the heart of the book is
Indigo herself -- a young child of the Sand Lizard people, who runs away from the
government school to which the soldiers have taken her to be brought up in the ways of the
white world.
Until then, Indigo and her
sister, Sister Salt, have lived with their grandmother, Grandma Fleet, a last, tiny
remnant of a tribe that has been driven from its home among the garden terraces carved out
of the sand dunes, and so reduced that Grandma Fleet and the girls have fallen from
selling handmade baskets to tourists at the railway station to scavenging from the town
dump. Yet they have not lost their tribal identity or their faith in the coming of a
Messiah who will return to their people -- perhaps to all the Indian peoples -- their
land, and whose coming is sought by means of the Ghost Dance, which has been strictly
forbidden by government.
Hattie, Indigo's kindhearted
and determined rescuer, is herself something of rebel. Married to Edward, an older man,
wealthy, well-connected, a much-traveled gentleman-scholar, botanist, and explorer who
nurses complex schemes for making a vast fortune with exotic plants. Hattie has defied the
prevailing Victorian standards for young ladies by pursuing her own career as a scholar
(she is something of a bluestocking) and by not producing an heir.
In Indigo, Hattie finds at
once a cure for her own loneliness and lack of love (for Edward, however well-intentioned,
is at best a diffident, remote, and unpassionate husband) and a new object of study. Kind,
observant, optimistic, full of good intentions, Hattie methodically sets about
transforming Indigo, whose high spirits and native intelligence soon re-emerge into a
"proper," well-brought-up American child, a transformation that is doomed to
fail, for Indigo's view of the world is very different from Hattie's. In the end, by small
degrees, they (and we) begin to understand that Hattie has at least as much to learn from
the child as the child does from her -- perhaps more.
Gardens in the Dunes builds to a rich and unexpected climax in which Hattie finds herself reduced to poverty,
thrown out of the society in which she has always lived so comfortably (however much she
chafed at its rules), and is herself rescued by Indigo's people at the precise moment when
the Ghost Dance is sweeping through the pueblos and reservations of the Indian peoples of
the Southwest, bringing relationships between them and the whites to a new and dangerous
level of tension.
Satisfying, multifaceted,
wise, and compassionate, Gardens in the Dunes is cause for celebration -- a major
novel by perhaps the most gifted and best-known of Native American writers today.
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